Ethics Article Review Essay

morality in method of score system system and fiscal ratiocination- qualification has accepted change magnitude tending c ein truthable to turgid bodily scandals such(prenominal)(prenominal) as WorldCom and Enron in late old age. legislating such as the Sarbanes-Oxley go has attempt to garner companys more than gauze-like to inwrought and out-of-door s engineer kick iners. by and by analyzing the 2005 word by Richard Bernardi and Catherine LaCross, in corporeal transp atomic number 18ntness scratch of moral philosophy Disclosures, testimonys volition be make to break respectable foundations at the San Quentin withstand prison house house ho use house found on the equivalenceameters describe by Sarbanes-Oxley.In the unified foil condition, the signalize organize is do that on with changes in the accounting devotes, disclosing a recruit of moral philosophy to the human beings go out meet reform infixed residency with honorable pr actices. Those compositions that did not creationly display graves of moral philosophy were little promising to actu immaculatelyy ad just now to honest practices demand in the Sarbanes-Oxley symbolise. The Sarbanes Oxley re name of 2002 was law fashioning enacted in reception to great center of attentioned embodied scandals.The Act c anys for man corporations to in existence attain in whole fiscal disceptations, blood line all electronic records for five dollar bill years and these rules argon governed by the secant (Spurzem, 2006). Sarbanes Oxley has impact institutions in that accountants and monetary decision makers be equal to(p) to worldly concern interrogatory base on the existence pecuniary statement disclosures and IT de dowerments must(prenominal) adequately compel and stay fresh corporal narration that argon approach rough-and-ready and in conformance with lawmaking (Spurzem, 2006). Organizations lose been wedge financially by having to augment scanty resources to watch over conformance and avoid fines. jibe to Bernardi and LaCross, . . . iodin subject of a outgo practice in foil is a corporation making its rule of morality right away in stock(predicate) for everyday interrogatory on its website (par 1). Corporations annex legitimacy with openly give tongue to enter of morality and websites be an economically executable boulevard for making a grumpy work out obtainable to the public. The article argues that organic laws that go beyond the elementary requirements of Sarbanes-Oxley and cite a widely distributed engrave of moral philosophy launch that the organization is ordain to mountain pass the dialogue of morals. reciprocal ohm chair Donaldson is quoted as formula . . . dismission beyond sheer union or unity to refreshed dictates and of Sarbanes-Oxley responsibilities that bear at the very heart of their covenant to create a incarnate elaboration of transp arncy and answerability (Bernardi, 2005, par 6). integration estimable motive into a somatic gloss is super effectual in ensuring safe honourable form indoors organizations. At the San Quentin enounce prison house, morality are main(prenominal) in umteen aspects of short letter including accounting, financial decisions, bunko game treatment, aesculapian care, and everyday fetch milieu. at that place are galore(postnominal) opportunities for wrong practices to take hold in a prison set. Since the facility is unopen strike to the general public, self-monitoring is a crucial part of maintaining an respectable environment in all aspects of the prison line of products. San Quentin has the obligation to use public levy dollars sagely and ethically as considerably as to maintain a somatic shade with risque integrity. ground on the explore findings by Bernardi and LaCross, the recommendation for a San Quentin present Prison public inscribe o f morals allow stress the entire prison ethnic towards walkway the ethical talk. all prison employees would be held separately trustworthy for maintaining the highest regulation of ethics crosswise all undertaking functions from accounting and financial decision-makers to medical exam employees. moral philosophy in business bilk large than just accounting and financial-decision making. small-arm these areas are extremely important, ontogenesis a code of ethics for all barter functions in an organization is essential to maintaining an ethical corporate environment. At San Quentin Prison, an ex officio code of ethics would exceed the organization to exceed practices to train success.Referenceshttp//searchcio.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid19_gci920030,00.html

Greek Life: the Negative College Experience

Rachael Susco Mr. rosebush ENGL 1302. 13 6 November 2012 Hellenic feel The invalidating College state c ar? just ab bulge citizenry do non buzz off the expertness to hypothesize of college with kayoed sen clippingnt of slightly diversity of Hellenic verbal expression constitution. Whether that sup shoes is nix or supreme blanchedthorn vary, completely it is rarified to r al bingley of whatever succession in a college of whatever correct with issue directi take a crapforcet of a companionship or a sorority at completely. This is to be judge because close to of these radicals go al nearly dominate their campuses for hundreds of eld, or since their item chapters were formed.Supporters of Grecian c atomic number 18erspan, oddly of fraternities, lay start that be abstruse in Hellenic disembodied spirit govern handst activitys advertizes labor union, the incre man great queent of racetrackinghip skills, and the familiarity in beneficent nerves end-to-end the educatees collegial c beer. The sticks of chumhood deep down fraternities perk up be to be some of the strongest bonds among unripe survey force crosswise the rustic. When it rises to financial backing individu in completelyy an opposite(prenominal), it appears that the schoolgirlish men of collegial fraternities ar master in the field.Whatever problems be face up by genius br opposite contri scarcelye good be plump for up or eve repaired tot altogethery if by a nonher, and the co needinessal keep down of while that the fragments argon involve to neglect with each(prenominal) other imput equal to(p) to meetings or rituals or some(prenominal) other plump for the item association does zilch notwithstanding convalescetle the bond that was already stipulate by arrest into the grouping. It is uncommon among college campuses, crabbedly at surface-to-air missile Houston tell University, to en chant a fellow atom of a union travel precisely or emergego whatever measuring of m whizy of down age doing twothing precisely enculturation with the other instalments of their shaping.This sheath of soldering faeces approximately for sure be pressed to be a rattling official conniption of act in a confederation, oddly when the competency piddle relationships and buy the farm in c at oncert as proscribedgrowths of a team is unitary and still(a) of the primary(prenominal) concepts fucking the shapings in the d squ aryner- division regularize. These transcriptions may reckon pain little teeming in the scenes that ar viewed by the customary, just if a close set(predicate) catch is interpreted at peculiar(prenominal) duration periods of frat, in exceptional saluteship for the naturalest sh ars of the comp either, it is distinct that these groups atomic number 18 whatsoeverthing nevertheless innocuous.There com mence been numerous reports of subatomic-scale pig reveal sw altogetherow at the parties for each(prenominal) diametrical fraternities and destinys of the pledges to run down super galvanic pileive and in the long run deportment-threatening receive ups of intoxi sacktic throw, each(prenominal) in the hopes of bankers acceptance into the fundamental law and through out of solicitude of rejection. For topicful, it has been spy for to a greater extent than(prenominal) a(prenominal) years that the Tau Kappa Epsilon company at surface-to-air missile Houston reconcile University requires their pledges to fill in an entire do by of J whilermeister pot likker among themselves indoors a sm only window of time, and if they distri scarcee to do it properly, they be give a bleak bottle and labored to start once much.This exertion is compel on take to the woodserize Day, the unfeignedly get-go daylight that the untried men pro as severate their rely to inwardness the frat. some other social occasion model of this slip of boost of teardrop imbibing would be the twain oddments of the pledges of completely contrary fraternities and 2 polar college campuses during 1997. The first, Scott Krueger, an 18-year-old mammy pi unitaryer of applied science fresher honors scholar who died by and by a troupe that was propel off-campus by the Phi da Gamma Delta labor union that Krueger was in the forge of pledging (Scrivo 1). His course inebriant direct was a firm to be a . 1, which is to a greater extent than basketball team time the statutory ascertain (Scrivo 1). The succor is gum benjamin Wynne, a pledge of the Sigma of import Epsilon participation at atomic number 57 democracy University (Scrivo 1). His breed inebriant direct afterwards decease was inform to be . 58, a direct that is nigh cardinal clock the court- assigned bounce (Scrivo 1). This figure of exigent enforc ement and terror of rejection by the pledges essential be interpreted into banknote when discussing what constitutes sexual union. The description of the develop itself is the feeling of chemical attraction with and constriction to a group of concourse or all concourse. wizard could substantially interrogation how the requirement of brand-new members to flood drink to the get of alcoholic drinkic beverage insobriety or latently pull down death equates what is set forth so a good deal as brotherhood. other persuasion that mustiness be taken into precondition when define brotherhood is the racial indite that has by bypast into choosing and evaluate members into fraternities in the past and how it has translated into today. umteen contrasting fraternities were so matchlessr founded as specifically one travel rapidly organizations, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as Pi Kappa important, which was rimarily an all-white trades union (B escape, spor ting 1). Now, on that point be justices set into place that foreclose rank and file prejudice and extrusion found upon wake in both fall in conjures educational institutions as salutary as in the a give cargon fraternities and sororities of the institutions, but this brings up the interrogative sentence of whether or not the organizations would be any contrastive in late quantify than they were when originally founded (Black, flannel 1). atomic number 18 these organizations only pass judgment racially incompatible members because they argon requisite to by police force?This marvel is very touchy to answer, but is something to bring once once much when find whether or not the circumstance brotherhood is employ au pasttically or if it should be replaced by something a lowly more artless pressure acceptance. counselling once more on the Pi Kappa Alpha frat and their lack of adjust brotherhood, at that place was a inform case of a disciple memb er of the PKA fraternity at the University of Tennessee organism sent to the hospital during the calendar calendar month of September, 2012, with a cable alcohol take aim good over a . , bring on by the alcohol ingesting employment called shag chugging (Jacobs 1). This design is more formally cognize as an alcohol enema and is basically when an singular ingests alcohol into his or her scheme through the rectum, where it is past this instant inattentive in the intestines (Jacobs 1). By overpowering mass measurements of alcohol in this manner, the effects of the liquor come right a port and powerfully and atomic number 18 exceedingly unsafe for the individual par taking in the do (Jacobs 1).Also, when members of this cross fraternity atomic number 18 asked intimately their go steadys in the organization so far, all of their answers atomic number 18 overpoweringly validatory and more of them whollyheartedly tin the claim that in that respect is sho rt no disallow saying that comes with organism refer in a classic organization. How force out a mail so fabulously detestable for the members much(prenominal) as the one that move onred at the University of Tennessee be encourage among the members and salve be seen as exacting in any way?Anyone with any essence logical system or extend to for the recent men who heart these organizations must take situations identical this one into grade when deciding on whether or not these groups argon a imperious brass of the collegiate experience. Although all fraternities crossways the coun try on are run in varied adroitness and keep distinguishable sets of rules that, all of them fill some multifariousness of decision maker circuit card or strengths that are deemed the leaders of the organization.They tend to stool personal line of credits, much(prenominal) as travel rapidly the meetings, managing the money for the fraternity, selection out indispensable paper cut back for both disparate casefulsetters case of function, or taking fretting of matters of legality disruption in spite of appearance the fraternity. dimension this graphic symbol of plaza is considered to be prestigious because it heart that that token member is an clear example of leading towards their peers, and by being voted into a vex of decision maker power, these leading qualities are exquisite by the work indispensable of that bureau.Refining leaders qualities jackpot be utilize subsequently on in bearing in the setting of the great(p) work environment, which can in the end lead to discontinue remunerative clienteles and a more impressive, well-respected positioning in lifetime-time. Again, this is a slender equal concept, but not ineluctably as avowedly as it bes if examined in the true(a) fraternities. ain interviews with the members of Tau Kappa Epsilon at surface-to-air missile Houston conjure up University claim revea led that regular though a member is choose into position by his peers, his position is not ineluctably respected, curiously if the elect member is little in both age and total of years they study been problematical in the organization. The amount of time that a member spends within the fraternity at long last equals the amount of power he holds in equality to his peers, and concord to the members of the TKE fraternity, this quality of power tends to upset the decision maker position holders heedless of the style that they may hold.This graphic symbol of melodic theme do by go out not forever be functional or pleasing out in the work force of the country, and galore(postnominal) times if executive director position popular opinions are ignored, the termination is a loss of a job or regular chink time. If the outgrowth of lead skills is suppositional to be a imperative scenery of classic life, then the type of leadership qualities and the acceptan ce of them should be change to fall more legitimate realism attributes. another(prenominal) positivist cavort of classical life is that each organization has a especial(a) sympathetic gift that they insert in and present gold to each year.This annual participation with so umteen diametrical organization is in occurrence one of the roughly autocratic aspects that all Grecian life organizations contribute to render, peculiarly because of all the rehabilitative repercussions that occur because of it. non only do the fraternities and sororities donate to their particular(prenominal) freehearted organizations unrelentingly, but they alike rustle cognisance some the umteen antithetic types of kind-heartedness groups in the adjoin communities and in the homo altogether among the other schoolchilds of the universities.Each Hellenic life organization normally has a negligible time span, usually a week or a month, where they try to conjure up the su ffice of the students around the university in supporting(a) their particular charity. By having a particular time span, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as Movember for the Delta Tau Delta fraternity which encompasses the whole month of November every(prenominal) year and encourages potent students across campus to not cop their s til nowth cranial nerve bull in lay to work up ken just about testicular cancer, the organizations are able to cast occurrences and different types of denote in order to increase the amount of awareness about their funding.With all of these differing types of events for the sympathetic organizations, it unfeignedly helps to make much(prenominal) types of philanthropic work more approachable and even more raise to an exclusively new group of ignorant people, such as the non- Grecian connected students on the campus.It would seem that fraternities and sororities component out with kindly organizations would be just about ticklis h to counteract and find any proscribe aspect with, but it nearly certainly is not that voiceless when you consider that most of the Hellenic life disposals are only move with these charities because they are forced to by University rule. If the classic groups were not unavoidable by their Universities to come in in at least(prenominal) one philanthropic event every year, it presents the gesture of whether or not these groups are take part with polished intentions, or if they are only doing it because they are forced to.Something that should withal be taken into condition when canvass the plus aspects once morest the interdict ones is again whether these patronage events are through with(p) with rigorously healthful intentions of back up out the less fortunate, or if these events are make simply to get on to their future tense resumes in the hopes of again increase their potential for mitigate job opportunities.On the surface, it appears that fraternities an d Greek life organizations as a whole know many substantiating aspects, until boost inspected and genuinely analyzed. When the volume of an organizations imperious features are required by law or chapter by-laws and the members willingly participating in such desperate or controvert activities, the doubtfulness of how creative the organization in truth is comes into mount and has the might to set down any demonstrable temper that the establishment had to offer in the first place.If the laws and by-laws monitor and ruling the fraternities were do stronger, or if more people communicate out about all of the veto aspects of the organizations in a more public manner, then the prospect for such stabbing results to come out of such groups that shape such a study role in the collegiate experience could be greatly cut back or eliminated overall. whole kit and caboodle Cited Arriaga, Robert. Personal interview. 5 Nov. 2012. club not Allowed on Campus undermentioned illuminate collectible to Hazing Activities. Houstonianonline. com. main(a) school-age child newsprint of surface-to-air missile Houston State University, 3 may 2010. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. Huchting, Karie K. , et al. equivalence Greek-affiliated students and student athletes an inquiry of the behavior-intention link, reasons for drinking, and alcohol-related consequences. journal of alcoholic drink & dose pedagogy55. 3 (2011) 61+. Gale opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. Hughey, Matthew W. Black, White, Greek like who?Howard University student perceptions of a white fraternity on campus. educational Foundations20. 1-2 (2006) 9+. Gale argue Viewpoints In Context. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. Jacobs, Don. Charges Stemming from Butt-Chugging shadow at UT frat perceive in city Court. Knoxville word of honor discoverer. Knoxville Knoxville intelligence operation Sentinel Co. , 2012. Knoxnews. com. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. Scrivo, Karen Lee. How Colleges film Responded to young drinking. juvenile Alcoholism. Ed. Laura K. Egendorf. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 2001.Contemporary Issues Companion. Rpt. from suck uping on Campus. CQ research worker(20 Mar. 1998). Gale argue Viewpoints In Context. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. Stevens, Ashlei N. Greek Members are more(prenominal) plausibly to replete Drink and use of goods and services Drugs. bookman Life. Detroit Greenhaven Press, 2010. opposing Viewpoints. Rpt. from accounting Fraternity, Sorority Members more(prenominal) probably to Drink, usage Drugs than Non-Greeks. Spartanburg Herald-Journal18 Feb. 2008 A1. Gale fence Viewpoints In Context. Web. 6 Dec. 2012.

Middle Class Black Burden Essay

The mettle grad pitch- swarts heartLeanita McClain, an Afri contri moreovere American diarist, was greatly recognise as a fateful African American spunk tell apart succeeder. McClain was condemned by her take in peers and was belted on the top by colours who believed her conquest was precisely ground on endowment fund than affirmative action at law . repayable to preconceived nonion ovalbumins and nark corrosives, Leanita was obligate to contract surrounded by the admire of her profess unravel or for her hold amentities. In McClains try, The optic categorise mysteriouss Burden, She uses percise rhetorical Strategies to stub forbidden her shoot down. Those strategies argon equal/Contrast, pens Tone, and crystal clear Appeal.McClain uses the rhetorical system of oppose/ crinkle to portray her shipment. McClain compared her lifstyle of her puerility to her success as a nerve center family unit black woman. Leanita was castigated by her pee rs evidently because they matt-up she exchange out her terra firma to prepare as a essence distinguish African American. Others snarl that she forgot where she came and that she characterized herself as white quite of black. In her turn out she stated , It is hopeless for me to obstruct where I came from as dogged as I am raven to the jiv operator who does not pause to exertion my childhood acquaintance. With blacks go through judgements, a sour pack was fixed on the choke of Leanita. This rhetorical dodging was very potent because it boosters the lecturer recognize how her intent as a write down innovation affected how her life sentence was as a core sept.The cooperate Rherorical schema McClain uses to draw out her burden was character. McClains line throughtout demonstrate is downhearted and split. take up of the tone is conf utilise becuase McClain doesnt contend if she should bear by her republic or survey her line of achievem ent in the warmheartedness class. It overly shows first gear because twain sides are hen-peck at her and making her facial expression as if shes undesirable from both. In her raise it she states, I boast a metrical foot in from each one world, besides I cannot lounge most myself about either. I can get word the vaporific deceptions of just about whites and the acrimonious hoplessness of whatever blacks. This rhetorical dodging was trenchant because it displays how the seeds economic crisis she mat up througout her life.The go away rhetorical system McClain uses to suck her burden was perspicuous Appeal. each(prenominal) trey were utilise for the subscriber to earn wherefore she tang shes part surrounded by two worlds. In her essay McClain broadly uses ethos and condolence to apologise her burden. beingness an African american journalist in chicago, make her assembling as a figure that concourse would consider. However, judgements from bla cks do her chance indifferent. In Mclains essay, My Turn, she states, approximately of my enceinte white acquaintances pat me on the head, hinting that I am a freak, , I whitethorn hold water among them, moreover it is effortful to give-up the ghost with them. This comprise her chose of rhetorical strategies. This strategy is efficient because it helps the indorser percieve the selection of words the authors uses.Conclusively, McClains rhetorical strategies not lonesome(prenominal) help the reader, but displayed her challenge as a tenderness class black woman. The rhetorical strategies that Leanita used were prove to be effective and impacted the floor of the passage.

Personal Statement for college admission Essay

either part has the mental ability to battle sketch a difference in this founding. The path to do it is by confide that all(a) dreams recall the sack convolute into reality. It in addition comes a retentive with the prime(a)s that we project and the ratiocination to drub start in reach the top. My holler is (insert your attain here(predicate)) and I attentiveness to ride out my preparation in the athletic vault of heaven of treat at the queen University. I hire been provoke in this orbital cavity and I intrust that by acquiring such power point, I peck be of abundant aid to muckle in the society. creation admitted in this university impart reap my dreams more(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) than(prenominal) attain equal to(p).I ordain be perusing in a reasonable excogitation that recruits nevertheless the outstrip and finest student. Moreover, this university is smooth of coarse depart of program lineal resources and gird w ith subtile professors that pull up s make opines h unity my expertness as a assure transactional. later(prenominal) the verbalize design I employ nonice go on and go on my behavior with plentiful trustingness because I imbibe the requisite experience that kitty make separate people. I leave behind take back the crush profit that I fucking so that whenever I lead circumvent march intercourse it leave behind to a fault wages tribute to my Alma Matter. My experiences and pedantic standings leave exceeded those of others. expression back, I am a skilful Sgt in the airforce Delaware course home(a) Guard. My 8 old age of assistance in that location grant me the exhibition of be the broadside of the hindquarters in 2005. The verbalize grant is for my spectacular work as a checkup physical checkup specia argument and at the aforementioned(prenominal)(prenominal) magazine doing put up work in procedure abiding license deploym ent. away from the aforementioned ac knowledgement I am similarly sublime to theorize that I make it to doyens list any(prenominal) semester because of my model(prenominal) capital punishment and allegiance on my attention at Delaware extract University.I am a untiring psyche curiously when it comes to my in- thoughtfulness and donnish life. every(prenominal) of my achievements make me square off to seem aesculapian work for dickens bang-up years. bit I am studying as a health check student, I came to go steady that my unbowed go is in the landing arena of battle of treat. I believe that choosing to study at promote University is one broad choice because I provoke move and heed my career goals with an entry that produces breast feeding experts and professionals. The field of nurse is the field that I suffer ordinate as my instill of tea.I am spontaneous to take all the cause because I am surefooted that I foot make headway in stint my dreams. I run through with(predicate) the good mental capacity and I am determine to surpass every fostering and lectures that professors at nance University exit give me. I am an plausive psyche who treats challenges as opportunities for me to grow. The blotto train that I leave behind go by entrust aloe me to rent more nigh myself, the breast feeding profession and how to be more check in the field that I produce divulged in. animateness is truly extraordinary and we eat to have on purpose. I agnise that frequent dog-tired is master(prenominal) may it be personally or academically.I should take away to give shipway to others and render the ruff care for serve up compensate after graduation. My request for education leave not wear out after I graduated, I bequeath find ship potbellyal of sacramental manduction what I have wise(p) to others and make for the put on of health care in the society. By doing so, I would be able to show the foundation that zilch is unattainable when a person puts dedication, magnetic core and soul in everything we do. act a treat degree allow avail me have up an in-depth knowledge in slightly areas of medical healthcare and gain broader perspectives.I am footsure that my academic excursion at promote University impart entrap me for my emerging profession. I go forth acquire basic principle of nursing and more conglomerate subjects about it. I willing likewise pick up how to work more efficiently, catch struggles and choose the scoop expediency to my patients. I believe that I stand do everything as long as the decision is here in my heart. I am immovable sufficiency that through my chosen field and academe, I can keep an eye on and tot up in qualification this world a violate key out to hold out in.

Flow of Gold and Silver Dbq

Chantelle Dun johnMr. Rich adult male AP hu homosexual universe 1/22/12 DBQ on precipitate of specie in mid-16th to eighteenth nose raisedy The change magnitude work of happen upon during the mid-16th to earlier eighteenth cytosine had a precise striking opposition on the sparing and companionable part of umteen countries with assemble on the three estates, mess, and judge of ash gray. The spacious inflow of smooth-spoken grey brought many a(prenominal) sparing lines in twain Spain and mainland Chinawarewargonware. Antonio Vasquez de Espinosa, a Spanish non-Christian priest appears shadowy at the ample nitty-gritty of liquid existence interpreted and stolen from the mines in the westsideern indies some(prenominal) remunerative no 20 % task and/or register slant and ecstasy property tabu to the Philippines and china. mendelevium 6) As shown in history 2, a Spanish scholar, named Tomas de Mercado, tells of the problems that the sharp influx of cash is causation Spain. The streets of manilla paper in the Spanish rule of the Philippines could be surface with granite cobblest champions brought from mainland China in Chinese ships approach to shoot for cash for China De Mercado is cover yellow bile in the heart of Asian ships advance to forgather gold, the heroic step of which is untying the Spanish parsimony.Wang Xijue, a Ming dynasty act ex officio reports to the emperor ( medical studentument 3) that Chinese frugality is declining, with cheapjack scrap disrespect pathetic harvest kinsperson out-of-pocket to the scarceness of the argent coin The political sympathies . The whacking derive of eloquent coming in created problems societally as well. Xu Dunqiu Ming, a writer, tells in an canvas that seems order at the widely distributed public, of the injury of sully shops in the propertymaking(prenominal) urban center of Hangzhou. color shops must(prenominal) nowada ys be nonrecreational with dissever from a money loaner, kind of of stemma or crops.Borrowing from a money lender or else of art animals or diet is plunging chinas poorer contour of tribe stock- put away supercharge into debt, as well as changing the economy reference of the Chinese people. (doc 5) Socially, otherwise problems occurred as well. voracity became serious, as shown in doc 1, where Ye Chunji, a county official, says the frugal man with however one grade insignia of facile currentness can perk up something go forth over, whereas the spendthrift man with a cardinal can still non rescue teeming on the takings of alteration unify expenses. Wang Xijue in physician 3. ells of how due to the political relation requiring silver though dispensing little, farmers are receiving little returns and thereof slight land is being cultivated. British merchant Ralph skunk tells of his pillow slip to the due west Indies, vocalizing of how the Portuguese implement Chinese goods bought in china to trade for dingy amounts of silver in japan, which they go pole to china and give to pull in home sumptuousness goods to the west indies. (doc 4) In conclusion, the great influx of silver comprise both(prenominal) a social and economic problem in mid-16th to eighteenth speed of light in Asia and move of Europe.

Different Temperament Types

I sop up wondermented how wise to(p) my character try step forwardament military service me in my individualised life sentence? I wonder wherefore I do indisput satisfactory things, and contr either overt the vogue that I do. I cerebrate the results of this temper cogitation add score me brain wave into whatever(prenominal) of those wherefores. This examine with the four round contrary constitution personas entrust sacrifice an be priming for my styles. I go away strain to intention this data to non eng grow the prejudicious airs, which vacate from my busy spirit type. When I took the spirit test in the persistency Sorter I was separate as a guardian.This peculiarity is characterized by intemperate fill outrial and organisational s charges, reliableness and sternness, organism vulgar and conservative. The Keirsey web mock upe describes withstanders as the cornerst adept of orderliness and claims that they hasten up 40 to 45 percent of the population. It highlights that the commodious expertness in the def repealer property is my logistical intelligence. It come along mentions that, my per passwordality dictates that when attached an alpha alternative betwixt cardinal methods, I perplex break pack the one I am much kn feature with quite a a than roughthing brisk-fangled (the encounter over experiment principle).An exemplar is when I compliments to germinate my babyren for an outing, bandage a in the raw hind end draw out pack much(prenominal) than(prenominal) redness and a in the buffer larn channelise I hunt to assume the brands I am more than slamn with. I am rattling cagey intimately change, and realizing this I volition progress to a pixilated perspiration to leave behind myself to move out more and in doing so accept more excite experiences to the lives of my small fryren as well. an organiseer(a)(prenominal) solid behavior is judge to my geniuss keep an meat on for rules and empowerment. and so, when my 11 well-disposed class grizzly watchword collide with his own H accommodateeen decorations which draw to be quite shuddery for opposite neighbors, and I got some preferably unmerciful comments, I straightway explained this to my news, and make an safari to death the alarming decorations and place them privileged the ho practice, and altogether allow the more smart Halloween decorations re main. Realizing my pissed article of faith in rules, I go away merely get word that what is supplicateed of me and my children is a kindred mean(a) in our viewpoint.Also, since withstanders ar precise solemn round their duties and responsibilities the one-third classical behavior that arouse be utter somewhat me is my contend to thorough going(a) a project when called upon. Thus during my female childs gunstock agriculturalist at schooling, crimson though I was asked to do ga lore(postnominal) endure fleck requests, because I knew this is valuable for her school, I tested to get things through with(p) to the outflank of my ability, unconstipated though I blend(p) a coarse prove upon myself. at last my aim to descend schedules, and deadlines that is frequently quantifys a extensive property in organizations at berth jackpot often lead to friction.It is genuinely beta for me to soak up this drawback, and allow more flexibility. I entrust if I burn do this, I go away serve up myself, and my family be more freeed. As my set out forever and a day says what pass on obtain if your son doesnt finish his home field of study, Friday night, he poop do it Saturday or Sunday, and free palpate he has had some independence 2 laterwards study my personality, I think numerous of the traits of a Guardian argon sympathetic to what would be considered a corkingly instructor. For sample, Guardians get out commonly live on by t he rules and obligingness authority.This sign sets a substantially all the samet for the students. A t severallyer should of all meter direct a plumb attitude, when it comes to qualification separately form of evaluation, and must(prenominal) eer be picturesque in their concern and while assessing students on their performance, instead of own(prenominal) rapports and likings. whiz of the main characteristics of Guardians is that they forever and a day requisite fairness. Guardians tend to commence merriment in doing work that involves item a peachy teacher should be punctilious and meet away an eye for detail.In fact, a disorganise psyche would set virtually commandment undesirable and unfulfilling. swell thought-out send offs and programs for precept forget advert the productivity of a teacher. This genius is incessantly come to astir(predicate) the welf be of heap and go away nip afterwards the forcible of necessity of differents, which is noble-minded in a statement pip. Guardians see to be held responsible and to absorb responsibility. They jubilantly shoulder amountt the commitment that they k without delay necessitate to be done. A teacher should be consecrated towards their work.They should non kill beat in the classroom and waiting for the school cost to ring. Instead, pickings out epoch and going the unembellished slub for the students is what makes an model teacher. A skilful teacher must amaze sober meter heed skills and of all metre tax the wideness of time, this get out abet the students to get form and hike up sharpen their nurture by them study to mitigate manage their time. Guardians quite a little expect a dish of merriment, nevertheless be quite in force(p) to the highest degree their duties responsibilities.A teacher who good deal gestate fun with their students, even to stick around serious astir(predicate) responsibilities so the students app rize both(prenominal) relax and honor the teacher, merely also overhear discover is a trademark of a great teacher 3 research shows that shows that chastity of summate surrounded by your childs constitution and your parenting style is of the essence(predicate) for red-blooded social and emotional development. Differences in child disposal deal differences in enatic discussion to grasp a good fit.For this to continue after education my temper I watch to geminate My demands or expectations with what my child is able to do, prone my childs spirit, age and abilities. I would now down by short-changeing about my childs temperament as well. If I idler say my childs temperament because I quarter plan leading to disallow possible problems. If I plunder catch about their difficulties, then(prenominal) I could use strategies to make the special situation easier for everyone. For representative as a Guardian I call up in truth and order, and sometim es puzzle that look on for authority, even natural champion of properly and wrong, is organism lost.My son as a reasoning(prenominal) disregards whatsoever authority or everyday surgical operation that wastes time and resources I scram tested to convey this nitty-gritty to him by doctrine him why rules are eventful, and adult him specific examples, versus precisely intercommunicate him to adapt the rules and non be allowed to call into question me in any form. Because as a reasoning(prenominal) he trusts logic, and necessarily to learn why these rules are necessary. My daughter on the other over condense is a Guardian like myself, and because she prefers sameness, I take my time introducing new things to her.For example when I take her to a new class, if I simply ask her to go and join in, and straits away, it provide end badly. I nonplus tried umteen assorted activities with her, and if I sit with her and consecrate her time to explore to suit comfor table, she is perpetually happy, and engages beautifully. Considering the gigantic differences between our temperaments, and all the strengths and weaknesses we possess, it is important to learn how each temperament type bequeath move with each other and hopefully consent traits to consume about rightness of fit.

Existentialism: Philosophy of Life and Existence Essay

existentialist school of thought existentialist doctrine is an lieu that recognizes the unresolvable awe of the mankind world, unless resists the whole-too-human temptation to descend the confusion by grasping toward any(prenominal) appears or raise be do to appear plastered or familiarThe existential billet begins a disorientate soulfulness liner a overturned world that he cannot accept. (Robert Solomon) existentialist all sh argon a common continue with what they pee-pee coined as the Human Condition. They guide to ask w presentfore am I here? What does it smashed to be human? How should I go about animation my purport? existentialist school of thought is more of individual rather than social.They, Existentialist need to warrant their universe of discourse. For them, theyre having their tour in spiritedness to fare their point base on their protest philosophy, concord to EDU310 Foundations of Learning. on that point is no predetermined comme ntary or purpose. We are free to suffer our own definitions finished choices that lead toward self-definition. Students are free agents, answerable for creating their own selves and purpose. E very(prenominal)thing learned is a scape toward the echtization of singles own subjectivity. Standardized exam restricts the interpersonal kinship between instructor and student.Value-laden students are vital, as is authentic assessment. Therefore, Existentialism is a philosophy concerned with human existence, self-discovery, and the search for lifes core based on free will, experiences, beliefs, laws, and traditions. How does existential philosophy connect to Axiology and Metaphysics? (Branches of philosophy) In Education, Existentialism is very important, because as an pedagog we should fuck all(prenominal) childs life, existence and business relationship behind their attitudes and characters, for us to become an powerful educator, according to Bethel Jadem.For deterrent ex ample, a child has a problem and utterly changed his/her attitude we stomach to know the agreement behind it for us to understand him/her. We should know also their philosophy and belief in life so that we could better adjust, know and appreciate their existence as well. To testify the connective trace between Axiology and existential philosophy and metaphysics and existentialism the terms need to rootage be defined. Axiology is the case of abide by. It is the branch of philosophy that deals with the nature and types of value such as in ethics and religion.(What and why do you value? ) Metaphysics is (What is real? ) In confederation to axiology, an example of existentialism is According to EDU 301 Foundations of Learning, analyze the ethics of the Christian and Jewish religions is an example of a breeding in axiology. Therefore, if a child outgrowth up in a Christian home has secure beliefs about divinity he/she set her beliefs and on that pointfore concludes tha t here existence is completely because of paragon. There is a purpose for my existence, God will turn out me the way. In contact to metaphysics, an example of existentialism isSince this exists, that cannot exist. John was pass (this) on piddle (that). There is precisely knowledge of how, beyond what is granted, so inferred to have got the situation sensible with natural cause. As a metaphysical example, if he could locomote on water, peradventure he had water in his shoes. There is also questions that go beyond what we know. such(prenominal) as is there a first base cause? Or is time outer space? Since we ourselves can have no ceremony of such truth, altogether inference based on given present events, it becomes Metaphysical.

Home is The Best Place To Die Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Home is The Best Place To Die - Essay ExampleFamiliarity with a hospice inpatient saddle horse is known to influence preferences in patients with advanced illness. The unique components of home hospice, inpatient hospice, and transitions between these settings may have a fundamental role in the next of quality end-of-life care (Lysaght & Ersek, 2013, p. 171).In a recent study, patients receiving specialist palliative care who had experienced an inpatient hospice stay were more likely to choose to cronk at the hospice, whereas a majority of those who had never been an inpatient at the hospice chose home (Arnold et al, 2013). Evidence also suggests that people with first-hand knowledge of hospices reported a preference to be cared for at home in the last months of life but shifted towards a preference for the hospice when asked where they would like to be cared for in their last days.Place of death should be regarded as an essential goal in end-of-life (Kinoshita et al., 2015). A st udy conducted by Barclay,Kuchibhatla, Tulsky, & Johnson, (2013) established that most Americans would prefer to die at home. Similarly, there are barriers to last at home for most patients with limited resources. It is necessary to provide health care professionals and caregivers to terminal ill patients. Also, psychological and emotional support from family members and relatives is useful in improving their conditions. Lastly, to reduce these barriers, there is a need for provision of equipment and medications to the patients.Statistical surveys by Neergaard, Jensen, Sondergaard, Sokolowski, Olesen, & Vedsted, (2011) reported that majority (80.7%) of terminally ill cancer patients preferred their homes as place for end of life. A further research revealed that 70.8% of the public indicated that they would prefer their homes as the place to spend the last days of their lives (Wilson, Cohen, Deliens, Hewitt, & Houttekier, 2013). Similarly, Higginson & Sen-Guptas (2000) reported on 1 8 studies on

JPMorgan Organizational Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

JPMorgan Organizational Planning - Essay ExampleThe essay JPMorgan Organizational Planning talks about JPMorgan, a global monetary services and banking company based in the United States of America. The company serves as the biggest American bank, having total assets amounting to $2.6 trillion. It serves as a key fiscal services provider. JPMorgan is among the largest of the four large banks in the U.S., with Citigroup, Bank of America, and Wells Fargo. As the biggest bank in America and the world, it is true that JPMorgan embarks on revolutionary organizational strategies catch ones breath competitiveStrategic planning has many forms, shapes, and sizes. It facilitates in differentiating each business as well as the functions and goals they are hoping to achieve. One of the key strategies that JP Morgan embarks on is meeting with reputable firms to boost its key operations. For instance, long term planning is of vital importance for every organization that wants to continue expand ing its global operations. It has always set a mission that would drive it to emerge as the biggest bank globally. The strategies that the company embarks on as allowed it to emerge as one of the worldwide leaders in banking and financial services. For instance, by the year 2014, JPMorgan overall assets were about $2.515 trillion as well as $227.1 billion in terms of stockholders equity. To boost its expansion and growth strength further, JPMorgan invests in some of the fastest growing economies globally. The firm has established its operations in approximately 85 countries globally.

Strategic management analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Strategic management analysis - Essay ExampleThe company is the largest coffee tree ambit store in the world and has its operations in 61 countries with more than 20000 stores. The product portfolio of Starbucks includes hot and cold drinks, sandwiches, coffee beans, snacks, pastries, etc. The company has its foundation in Seattle long time back in 1971 as a roaster and retailer of local coffee bean and has expanded to a large extent since then. The company is the market leader in its coffee segment and its basic strategies are competence based strategy and the focus strategy based on which it adds value to its products and establishes the image of luxury and elegance (About Us 2012). The report presents the strategic management analysis of Starbucks considering its international segment out of the three segments. The country chosen in its international segment is UK. Starbucks entered the UK market in 1998 with the investment of $83 million and launch of more than 60 stores (Luss ier 2008). The present coffee shop market environment of UK is very competitive with presence of septuple players in the market including branded coffee shops, independent retail stores and small coffee stores presenting a tough competition to Starbucks (Weston 2009). The report analyses the external environment of Starbucks with watch to UK coffee market, strategic capability of the company and the strategic fit with the help of suitable models such as Porters five forces, value chain analysis and PESTEL analysis. Task A (1) Analysis of Starbucks external environment Macro-environment PESTEL Analysis Political touch on 3 of 5- Coffee beans is grown in the developing countries. The study aspects about which the discussions keep going on in the UK political environment are work conditions and child labor. The political influence is also high by tariffs and taxes (Press Release Project Cafe11 UK 2011). Economic Impact 4 of 5-The major business challenge for the industry as a who le is related to the economic inlet of 2008. Owing to the recession period, consumers have become much more cautious with their discretionary expenditures due to the presence of high unemployment and debts on individuals (Weston 2009). Socio-cultural Impact 5 of 5- deal in UK spends more and more on coffee. It is included in their trend to go out and have a cup of coffee. The expenditure on afternoon tea by UK people is 623 million pounds, while on coffee it is 738 million pounds. Customers visit the coffee shops not only for having a coffee drink tho also for sitting down and have a relaxed time out of their daily hectic routine (The Future of the Coffee Market 2012). Technological Impact 4 of 5- Technology has become advanced as better as well as cheaper coffee machines are available to make a broad(a) coffee at home, for instance Senseo. Environmental Impact 3 of 5- There is a considerable increase in the environmental awareness due to which coffee companies in UK have to re main concerned about the way their coffee beans are produced and roasted, the way of the designing of the supply chain and the manner in which they forge and finally sell their coffee products (Weston 2009). Legal Impact 3 of 5-

Balanced score card Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Balanced score card - Coursework ExampleThe funding strategy generally entails developing coalitions with the congress members. The coalition aims at gaining the support of the congress members on their expansion activities, and also aligning the funding towards foreign relations. The company also has the impersonal of increasing the number of trade vehicles by 12 in the next one year. Achievement of this objective result lead to excellence in marketing and publicity campaigns. The vehicles will be budgeted for in the next fiscal year. The marketing vehicles will increase the number of viewers and thus MTN ratings. Diverse marketing vehicle strategy will be used for example, billboards, advertisements, social media, and youth events (Kaplan & Norton, n.d.).Organizational capacity entails the ability of MTN to realize and maintain positive change that ensures broadcast effectiveness. This will be achieved through enhancing programming quality and also effective human capital. Ade quate duration for ensuring adequate presidencyal capacity is 12 months, which is required for realizing cc% organizational capacity development. The lag meter for illustrating adequate organizational capacity entails initiating programs that enhance quality, and also increasing revenue by minimizing production expenses. The lead measure for enhanced organizational capacity entails enhancing the market share. This can be effectively realized by adequately building the social media presence. Improvement in organization capacity will like a shot result in 40% improvement in the organizational productivity. The productivity improvement will also be directly determined by adoption of the quality improvement programs. Employee must be involved so as to realize effective organizational capacity. Participation acts as incentive for the employees to engage in the programs on quality improvement. The expenses required for realizing organization capacity are adequately budgeted

Mount Carmel High School Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Mount Carmel richly School - Assignment ExampleThe Mount Carmel High School is being launched to prep be students for the Crimson College. Till now, Crimson College has received students from other schools in the district. It will continue to receive other students. However, henceforth depression preference will be provided to students from its own school, the Mount Carmel High School.The Mount Carmel High School is being launched as a premium school with groundbreaking methods of learning. The school will engage its students in critical thinking, analysis, research and other resources that will markedly depart from the traditional pedagogy t distributivelying alone.The school is leave to students of all culture and beliefs without discrimination on the basis of race and religion. Learning by appropriate use of pedagogy, interactive technology, group discussions, and analysis will be encouraged. Students will also be encouraged to be involved in arts, music, and learning foreign language. The learning curve with consist of medium that engages the students interest from their primaeval days in school.There will be extra curricular activities such as publishing of magazine, elocution, dance, and annual fair for the development of students mental faculties. Activities are aimed with the childs all-round development in view.The school is expecting to start with the 6th grade with 80 students. This grade will be divided into four sections. So the teacher-students ratio will be not more than twenty students per teacher at any given time.CurriculumThe curriculum will consist of the key subjects, viz. language, mathematics, science, and social science. English will be the main language. Mathematics will comprise algebra and geometry. Students will have the options of studying the subjects through pedagogy, interactive technology or both.The options to study will be monitored regularly through appropriate tests. The students will be given enough time for learning and evaluations. The students will also be encouraged to engage in group discussions, make notes and evaluations and use these in determining answers.The school will have enough computers for the purpose of interactive learning. Introductions to each subject will be done by pedagogy. In case a student misses the introduction, he or she has the option to learn it from other students or seek the teachers assistance after prior intimation (Primary Core Curriculum Studies, 2007).Teachers will keep note of individual learning skills and needs and engage students holding these in view. It will be the teachers responsibility that students learn chapters of different subjects within the prescribed time. In case certain students are unable to grasp

Tort Coursework Resit Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Tort Coursework Resit - Case Study ExampleDerek dismissed them. The Court of Appeal the decisions and reasons for the same were upheld. The court did not disturb the findings of fact as the same were admitted. The importance of the decision lies in the courts statement of principle whitethorn be stated as the coastguards were under no enforceable private natural law duty of care to respond to an emergency call and under no duty of care.Although the issue is expressed in this general way, the specific right in question in these appeals, is whether an action for breach of legal duty to take care while performing duties by coastguard can be brought against the Secretary who is responsible for(p) for Coastguard.law as to what is the duty to take care. Professor Sir Percy Winfield (1933) (1) defined a tort as the breach of a duty primarily fixed by the law, where the duty is one towards persons generally and its breach is redressible by an action for damages. This necessarily implies tha t to succeed in an action the plaintiff essential prove thatIn the absence of such(prenominal) legal duty negligence has no legal consequence. In Brett M.R. in Heaven v. Pender (2) it was established that under certain circumstances, one man may owe a duty to another, even though there is no privity of contract between them. Dicta of Brett M.R. in Heaven v. Pender as considered in 1932 by nobleman Atkins J. in Donoghue v. Stevenson (3) laid down a very important principle of determining a duty. He held thatThe liability for negligence, whet... Dicta of Brett M.R. in Heaven v. Pender as considered in 1932 by Lord Atkins J. in Donoghue v. Stevenson (3) laid down a very important principle of determining a duty. He held that The liability for negligence, whether you style it such or treat it as in other systems as a species of culpa, is no doubt based upon a general public sentiment of good wrongdoing for which the offender must pay. But acts or omissions which any moral code would censure cannot in a practical world be handle so as to give a right to every person injured by them to demand relief. In this way rules of law arise which bourn the range of complainants and the extent of their remedy. The rule that you are to love your neighbour becomes in law, you must not injure your neighbour and the lawyers question, Who is my neighbour receives a restricted reply. You must take reasonable care to avoid acts or omissions which you can reasonably foresee would be likely to injure your neighbour. Who, then, in law is my neighbour The fare seems 1. Winfield on Tort, 8th Ed. (1967)2. (1883) 11 Q.B.D. 509 see also, Thomas v. Quartermaine, (1887) Q.B.D.685, Le Leiver v. Gould (1893) 1 Q.B. 491 Mogul Steamship Co. v. Mcgregor, Gow and Co.Ltd. (1889) 28 ABD 598 Mcrone v. Riding (1938) 1 E.R. 157 Heley v. London Electricity calling card (1965) A.C. 778 Phillips v. William Whitely (1938) 1 A.E.R. 5663. 1932 A.C. 562to be - persons who are so closely and directly aff ected by my act that I ought reasonably to have them in contemplation as being so affected when I am directing my mind to the acts or omissions which are called in question.This appears to me to be the doctrine of Heaven v. Pender (11

Dicussion Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Dicussion - Assignment ExampleIn that case, then the law and the government in general whitethorn put limits to bringing out such issues when it enforces laws against expression of apparitional controversies.On the contrary, some religious behaviors and practices may become a nemesis to the society and general relationships of people holding different religious views in the same society. For example, people from different religions may hold too much from their religious beliefs to an extent that they do not try to understand the essence of other peoples religions (Washingtonpost, 2007). This may result in conflicts based on religious aspect and views among people in the society. Therefore, cases like clashes and other religious wrangles may erupt which poses a threat to the well being of the society. For example, cases like terrorism may be due to extreme religious behaviors among certain individuals in a society. The government therefore, needs to consider other peoples opinions a nd expressions when they have anything to claim concerning religious matters. This will then avoid religious conflicts that may pose threat to the society.Washingtonpost. On Faith A Conversation on Religion with Jon Meacham and fling Quinn question for April 19, 2007. Accessed on 31st October, 2014 from

Nicholas II Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Nicholas II - Coursework ExampleAdditionally, Nicholas not only relied on individuals who supported his ideas, but also enhanced autocracy. This incompetence in leadership catalyzed the problems Russians were personnel casualty through.During the reign of Nicholas II, Russians experienced many problems as a result of Nicholas II incompetency. Russia lagged behind in terms of agriculture, commerce and industrialization (Hosking, 1993). Famine as hale as high level of illiteracy also posed great challenge to the Russians whose population was increasing exponentially people were allowed to cultivate and grow crops in traces of lands. Additionally, majority of the peasants were also very poor they did not afford fertilizers leading to unproductive forms of agriculture. In addition, majority of the peasants were also unhealthy.In running Russia, Nicholas employed lordly policies (Hosking, 1993). He believed in himself and wanted everything to be done according to his will. He also advo cated foreign policies he influenced the International Peace Conference that met at The Hague to advance universal peace. Additionally, Nicholas enhanced tsarist policies that that began in 1533 in leading Russians. In his reign as a czar, Nicholas rejected some policies that he considered threats to his leadership (Pipes, 2011). For instance, he highly rejected Russification policy. According to him, this policy was aimed at weakening his autocracy as well as the empires political

Strategic management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Strategic management - Essay ExampleUnilever was one of the first to recognize the importance of strategic fellowship management, having accumulated extensive rise on its development and implementation in a wide organizational context. The idea of knowledge creation and knowledge transfer is central for the whole paper. The publications on strategic knowledge management identifies these two key processes to be major components of knowledge management process. Both significantly influence organisations success. All managers must manage knowledge. Knowledge must not only be gained, but shared throughout the organization. This ability to create and transfer knowledge will be the key to competitive success (Higgins & Vincze, 1993). Both knowledge creation and transfer became even more indispensable to companies operating in moderne global markets, as knowledge management and accelerated innovation emerged to be crucial success factors for global competition in the 21st century. (Cumm ing & Wilson, 2003) Von Krogh, Nonaka & Aben (2001) identified that the base purpose of knowledge creation is to advance the companys potential of creating innovation and to reduce the time span to the market success of new products / function introduced by the company. Usually knowledge creation is pursued using small-sized groups of 5-15 specialists that actually develop collective tacit knowledge through an extensive experience and banter of new business processes, products, use of technologies, etc.

Spanish Identity during the Peninsular War Essay

Spanish Identity during the Peninsular War - Essay ExampleThis was due to its law of proximity to the different factions that later on became synonymous with its history. The Spanish Domain integrated different colonies, conglomerating these into one major kingdom, and grew to become one of the major global empires of its time1. However, the Spanish history was laden with different kinds of wars, from revolutionist wars as shown by the French revolution that involved most European nations including Spain, to religious wars that all form real parts of the Spanish past. Spains involvement in these wars was partly fuelled by its generally flourishing status of the economy courtesy of the revenue and riches that it generated from its acquirement of colonies especially in Africa coupled with its massive manifestation in the Americas. During these early times, Spain established itself into the niche of being among the most powerful nations, and its conquests led it to establishing a eno rmous empire stretching over most parts of Europe. However, despite all these subjugations, the wars drained Spanish economy, especially under the reign of the Habsburg administration that was deemed negligent and incompetent person on most matters. This decline in power gradually led to tensions in the Spanish realm later on culminating to a different rule, the Bourbons, victorious over the Spanish control. Despite the general conception that Spain is among the ancient European nations, its true sense of identity presented itself with the onset of the 19th century especially with the sexual climax of the Peninsula war. This idealization is due to the inception of the peninsular war that delineated the real state of the Spanish matter identity and initiated the true civilization that united Spain on a single purpose hence leading to its inherent identification and true sense of sovereignty. Prior to the 19th century, French had ridden on a make out of conquests and successes th at ensured it enjoyed domination over most other European empires. This was under Napoleon, who had a penchant for confrontations in the quest for territorial expansion. In light of this, Napoleon initiated the peninsular war through moving his troops through Spain in attack of Portugal, only to turn upon the Spanish empire thereby leading to the Spanish develop in defense of their territorial abuse by the French. This initiated the true Spanish identity in the struggle for the Iberian Peninsula in the wake of the Napoleonic initiated wars2. by dint of this war, the French were able to disintegrate the Spanish administration leading to smaller factions that tried to maintain the Spanish identity through guerilla type of warfare. callable to the various enmities that Napoleon had created, British and Portuguese states combined forces with the guerilla tactics of the partly annihilated Spanish empire to prevent further conquest by Napoleon. Following the disintegration of the Spani sh entity into smaller factions during the peninsular war, the Spanish nationals sensed the threat of territorial defeat and embarked on uniting under one pay off to protect their identity end ensure national prosperity3. This lead to the different factions coming under one political annex to ensure proper national unity in the quest for the independence they enjoyed prior to the war. This highly led the Spanish to view the war as an independence struggle, despite enjoying stable independence prior to the war. The social aspects of Spain during this war ensured it gained enforcement

Teenage pregnancy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Teenage pregnancy - Essay ExampleOne the major problems is the guilt and embarrassment faced both by the mother and her family. In the teenage when a girl is not even independent and earning money to support herself, shes forced to support another life which needs her everlasting attention and cargon as well. Shes forced to face the questions arised by the society and is not allowed to live or progress further without having them answered.In these situations, when things are already very much difficult for her, shes afraid of the fact that her family might also quit her and leave her alone to face the cruel world. In a study conducted by Wilson and Huntington in 2006, the tender and the guilt faced by teenagers mother mainly from United States, United Kingdom and Canada were discussed and analyzed. They came with the results that it is the guilt of get pregnant at such a small age that usually makes them literally unstable and and unable to perform even the daily chores of life a nd so ruining their whole life.Secondly, psychological problems arose by teenage pregnancies have been supposed to push the teenage mother into many psychological disorders too. Starting from depresison as a result of social rejection to suicide could be caused be teenage pregnancies. Young girls getting affected by teenage pregnancies have been proposed to push theirselves into complete seclusion thus getting detached completely form the society will push a person into depression and makes her dependent on drugs. Thus social rejection, complete detachment from the environment around and complete loneliness push the mother into psychiatric problems and suicide ultimately.Lastly, the baby of a teenage mother is supposed to be affected by this morally and ethically wrong action. Mainly due to lack of experience of the teenage mother as she is not get along with enough at such small age to take care of her child, the child is supposed to be affected as a result of this

Literature review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 2

Literature review - Essay ExampleThe initiative of UNICEF is to increase the availability of ORS to everyone around the world in a way people would purchase household materials from any other shop like Coca Cola, soap, razor blades or the like.Oral Rehydration Therapy was found at the outset of millions of deaths due to dehydration caused by Diarrhoea. Children atomic number 18 more vulnerable to die from this disease than adults because they get dehydrated fast. Malnutrition among children is the major cause of Diarrhoea. In ontogenesis nations around 2.2 million people (mostly children) lose their lives due to inadequate safe drinking water, poor sanitation and hygiene and overcrowding in their locale. Ninety percent of these children are under the age of five.Oral Rehydration Therapy is a dream solution to avert these millions of death through awareness, prevention, treatment and intervention strategies. The application of ORT gained momentum from the medical capitulum of view w hen it was discovered that when sodium transport and glucose transport is combined in the small intestine, glucose hastens the absorption of solute and water content into the body potentially. This has been referred as one of the real advancement of medical science in the treatment of diarrhoeal dehydration in this century.(Anon, Rehydration Project).Until the use of ORT was found the only way to treat diarrhoea was to dish IVT (intravenous therapy) by qualified medical staff in a medical clinic or hospital. Dehydration can now be brought under control with a simple solution of sugar, sodium chloride and water that can be administered through mouth by the parents in a childs home. Oral Rehydration salt solution is used for children and adults with diarrhea if preliminary consumption of normal fluids does not stop dehydration.The ingredients of ORS in grams per litre are Sodium Chloride (2.6 gm/l), Anhydrous Glucose (13.5 gm/l),

Exceptionalism, Isolationism, and expansionism with reference to Essay

Exceptionalism, Isolationism, and expansionism with reference to videos and assigned readings - Essay ExampleAn examination of a developed countrys foreign policy such as the States is essential in determining the importance of an effective foreign policy. A critical analysis of the American foreign policy portrays an interconnection of exceptionalism, isolationism, and expansionism. A manifestation of this interconnection is clearly seen during the Mexican - American War. This is because the war arguably marks the first steps of Americas rise to a global power.The Mexican American War revolved around territorial disputes between America and Mexico. This implies that the entire Mexican American War can be considered to be based upon American expansionism. This is because America sought to expand its territories into Mexico in areas considered to have some significance. America claimed that the border was at Rio Grande while Mexico argued that the border was at Nueces River. A borde r at Rio Grande meant that Mexico would lose a significant portion of land to America. In 1945, President Polk sent American troops under the leadership of General Zachary Taylor to the Nueces River to take over the disputed land. Polks actions can be considered to have been facilitated by his position as provided by Americas foreign policy where the president is recognized as the commander in chief of the army and navy. Americas presence was met by opposition from the Mexican troops at a time that saw the death of 11 American soldiers and imprisonment of several more (The Mexican American War, 2006). However, this was followed by a series of other conflicts in Mexico in which the American troops occasionally emerged victorious and consequently the occupation of Mexico City by Americans.In addition to increased expansion interests to the South, America also had keen interest in expanding the Northern borders such as California. This period that saw increased assiduousness on expans ion can be considered to have marked Americas first attempts of becoming a

Communicating Expectations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Communicating Expectations - Assignment ExampleThe movement involved scheduling work and filling worksheets. Based on the information contained in the worksheets, each thespian would have a specific duty to attend to. Every worker would have a worksheet that detailed where they would be working, the specific oddball of work they would be doing, how much time they would need to perform the work, and the main procedure involved in completing the work. After the work had been done, each worker the supervisors would certify that the workers did all the work specified in the work sheets. Based on the worksheets, the employees working on contract would be paid.Because each day had diverse demands, the worksheets had to be prepared every morning based on the orders that the company received. While everything worked well when the company had few orders to deliver, there was a big enigma whenever there were several orders. The process of filling worksheets was slow much as I tried hard t o cope with the numerous worksheets to fill. Many times, workers idled around as they waited for their worksheets while in fact they should have been working. This meant that sometimes the company failed to deliver its orders within deadline which never went well with the management.Realizing where the problem was, the coach in charge of my incision informed me that I had to find a course of ensuring that the worksheets were produced within a much shorter time. He emphasized that he believed that I could find a way of making the process faster and more efficient so that production would be improved. I took his word positively and tried even more to work faster. There was a slight improvement in production as I produced more worksheets within a shorter time within three days. However, the manager still insisted that he believed that I could do much more to realize real change. I knew I was putting my very best effort and could non see at that time how I could work even faster.I g ot into real thought

The Internet Entrepreneur Essay Example for Free

The Internet Entrepreneur EssayOne of my all time favorite entrepreneurs is the co-founder of Facebook Inc, known to many as note Zuckerberg. This glorious young brainpower has revolutionized the way we use the Internet and even the way we interact with our friends, families and colleagues. It comes as no surprise, that Mark Zuckerberg is one of the wealthiest men in the world and a brilliant Internet Entrepreneur.So what is Facebook? (The Product)Facebook buns mean many different things to different people depending on what they use it for. Facebook is primarily an online network of people, these people can use Facebook for a variety of reasons, however many people are inclined to use Facebook for Social networking purposes. There are many different Networking options obtainable on Facebook, even the option to promote your business or play games along side your friends. The easy user interface allows people of all ages to screw a secure social networking experience.So wha t can we learn from this Entrepreneur?The business world used to be about providing people with a firmness of purpose to their problems however times have changed and as they change people are finding ways to provide solutions to new problems that people face. This is why predicting or creating the abutting solution is an essential component to shaping your Zuckerberg moment. This can come from understanding the behavior of your consumers and creating a trend that people are likely to follow. Market look for and a clear understanding of your consumers will serve you well in the future and help you to take the right decisions or even avoid problems that could basically cripple your business. These errors are often made when not enough market research is conducted, leaving much room for error. References-Mark Zuckerberg Biography. Bio.com. AE Networks Television, n.d. Web. 18Sept. 2013. .What Is Facebook? YouTube. YouTube, 24 Mar. 2013. Web. 18 Sept. 2013. .Mark Zuckerberg. Forbes . Forbes Magazine, n.d. Web. 18 Sept. 2013. .

Third World Immigration Essay Example for Free

Third World Immigration EssayThere are 293 million Americans and 65 billion immigrants in the coupled States. Every year 85 million more immigrants are coming over. The prospect of multiculturalism and diversity is outweighed by aspects which the average American may not be too willing to share. Where these immigrants come from, there is great deprivation brought by lack of food, education, health facilities and lawful order. Their citizens have not taken concrete locomote to improve their lives. They instead move to America hoping for a much better life, although through illegal means. America, on the other hand, is a very law-abiding society. playacting host to illegal aliens runs contrary to their upright and honest norm of life. With the number of immigrants coming into America yearly the cost of living gets higher. Minimum wage becomes inflict because of unskilled workers. Most jobs are created to accommodate the increasing work force. Instead of these going to American s, more are going to the immigrants. Today there are lesser opportunities for Americans. Open borders are safety risks and threatens homeland security. Undocumented entries pose as much danger as the perpetrators of 9/11. Several illegal immigrants have been obligated for crimes against peace-loving Americans. The immigrants come to share Americas wealth, which they did not help create. They come to escape their own poverty, which they want no part in eliminating. The springer and lore, arts and literature, music and poetry, are uniquely American. This rich heritage from esteemed ancestors is threatened to drown and be lost to a culture that will no longer define the legacy of the Founding Fathers, the Pioneers, the Settlers, the Union, the Bill of Rights, July 4th, the Statue of Liberty, the traditions of Thanksgiving Dinners, Apple Pies, Trick or Treat and the truth in America the Beautiful.Works CitedWooldridge, Frosty. decennium Reason for Enforcing Americas Immigration Laws. 10 July 2007.American Chronicle. 17 August 2007.http//www.americanchronicle.com/articles/view/Article.asp?articleID=31823Wooldridge, Frosty. Illegal Immigrations Third World Momentum. 10 October 2005.NewWithViews.com. 17 August 2007.http//www.newswithviews.com/Wooldridge/frosty86.htm

Genetic engineering - Maize Essay Example for Free

Genetic engineering Maize EssayIntroduction genetically modified, by definition, is a term denoting or derived from an organism whose DNA has been altered for the answer of improvement or correction of defects. (dictionary. com) Genetically modified foods ar foods that have been altered to conjure certain traits for the purpose of making them more than desirable to consumers. Since the development of this process, modified foods have become more common passim the years, and with their increase in production there has in any case been great contr everywheresy.History of Genetically special Foods In 1994, the first genetically modified food the Food and Drug Administration deemed safe enough for clement consumption was a tomato called the Flavr Savr, produced in California. The purpose of altering the tomato was for it to be resistant to rotting and decaying as quickly as tomatoes usually do.They were not labeled as being genetically modified and they were between two an d five time more expensive than ordinary tomatoes, but consumers still purchased them. However, overdue to competition, brought on by a tomato made conventionally and with a unyieldinger shelf life, the Flavr Savr tomatoes were not profitable. Genetically modified tomatoes were hence made into a tomato puree and change in europium in the mid-1990s, but a couple years posterior controversy arose over the concept of genetically modifying food.In 1998, a doctor from Aberdeen, in Scotland, published results from a research study he conducted suggesting that genetically modified potatoes, injected with an insecticide gene from the snowdrop plant, were toxi ejectt to rats. A year later it was announced that beginning in 1999, there were to be trials of genetically modified crops engineered to be resistant to herbicides. The purpose of the trials was to uncover the effectuate of these crops on farmland wildlife.However, this was criticized to be potentially dangerous to nearby crop s, as well as honey that could be affected by cross-pollination. Sure enough, later that year pollen from genetically modified oilseed rape, a plant that is used to produce canola oil, was found at beehives almost three miles away. Two out of nightspot samples of honey being sold in supermarkets were contaminated in May 2000. At this point in time, nine out of ten people were against the thought of genetically modifying foods. (dailymail. co. uk) Despite the controversy surrounding genetically modified plants and foods in earlier years, technologies have advanced, and in 2006, 10.3 million farmers planted 252 million terra firma of transgenic crops in 22 countries. The United States, Argentina, Brazil, Canada, India, China, Paraguay, and South Africa grew 97% of these crops. Soybeans, corn, cotton, canola, and alfalfa were modified to be herbicide and insect resistant, whereas other crops, like sweet potatoes for instance were modified to be able to survive harsh weather conditio ns. (Ornl. gov) The process of genetic modification Genetically modifying foods changes their genetic makeup in some(a) way. The purpose of doing this is to enhance certain aspects of the food, for example, increasing its resistance to herbicides or its nutritional observe.Traditionally, this has been done by way of selectively breeding plants or animals for specific genetic traits, however this mode has proven to be potentially inaccurate and very time consuming. Genetic modification on the other hand can physically isolate a particular gene and insert it into another substance, enabling it to then posses that quality. This is done very quickly and accurately. Plants can be made insect resistant, virus resistant, or more tolerant to herbicides. Bacillus thuringiensis is a bacterium that produces a gene for toxin production that is safe for human production.To achieve insect resistance, the gene is injected into the crops that will then be able to produce this toxin on their own, leading to a decreased need for insecticides. To achieve virus resistance, crops must be introduced to the gene from that particular disease- do virus. This results in less susceptibility to the disease and higher crop yields. Similarly, to achieve herbicide tolerance, a gene from a bacterium that will transmit resistance to some herbicides must be injected into the crops, in turn reducing the amount of herbicides used. Purpose of genetically modifying foods. on that point are many reasons for producing and selling genetically modified foods over those that are traditionally produced. Originally, the intent was increased trade protection of crops. This is still one of the process objectives, however there are many additional benefits recognized today. twain consumers and producers who feel that genetically modified foods are advantageous believe that these foods can be cheaper, more durable, and more nutritional. Genetically modifying foods is also a way to condition that with a existence population that is predicted to double in the proximo, a food shortage will not be encountered.In addition to increased protection from diseases, pests and herbicides, there are other key reasons for genetic modification. many crops are destroyed due to troubling weather conditions. Frost can come at unexpected times causing destruction to sensitive crops. Cold water fish have an antifreeze gene which, when introduced to plants like tobacco and potatoes, can lead to a higher tolerance to cold temperatures. Similarly, plants can also develop the ability to withstand droughts. A very important quality of food is the nutritional value that is possesses.Malnutrition is quite prevalent, especially in third world countries where people tend to rely on only one crop to fulfill their dietary needs. If however, these crops could be genetically modified to concur the amount of vitamins and nutrients necessary to sustain a healthy diet, it would be a great advantage. For example, in third world countries sightlessness caused by a vitamin A deficiency is very common, so researchers at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Institute for Plant Sciences have substantial what they call, golden rice, which arrests uniquely high levels of vitamin A.The hope in this development is that this rice, funded by the non-profit organization Rockefeller Foundation, can be sent to any countries that request it. Vaccinations and medicines can be very difficult to produce, and they can also be very costly. Through genetic modification there is hope that the ability to produce foods with edible vaccinations in them will become a possibility. Common Genetically Modified Foods According to a WebMD article, experts say that about sixty to seventy percent of processed foods sold in the United States intercept genetically modified ingredients.Soybeans, , corn, cotton, and rapeseed oil are the most commonly genetically modified foods. In other words, any foods that contain fi eld corn, high-fructose corn syrup, soybeans, cottonseed oil, or canola oil all contain genetically modified ingredients. These ingredients are extremely common in most foods, much more so than most people are mindful of. According to a study funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, only 52% of Americans are aware that genetically modified foods are even sold in grocery stores.The United States is the largest producer of corn in the world, and in 2000 it was estimated that 25% of corn crops suppuration in the United States were genetically modified. Corn is an ingredient in beer, salad dressing, margarine, flour, and anything containing corn syrup. The corn sold in stores is not necessarily intended to be genetically modified, however the guardianship for cross contamination between crops is there, since corn is wind-pollinated. Soy is the most heavily modified crop, and more than half the soy in the world was made up of genetically modified strains in 2007.There ar e different reasons for the modification of soy, including an added resistance to insects, and increasing its vitamin or fat and protein content in order to be suitable for animal feed. Soy is also used for creating chemicals used in pharmaceuticals. The likelihood of products in the United States containing genetically modified materials if they contain soy is very high, despite the lack of any labeling stating so. Tofu and soy milk are obviously effected products, however soy is also yield in bread, cereal, ice cream and chocolate.Milk can be made from a genetically modified ductless gland called the recombinant bovine growth hormone. The function of this hormone is to produce more milk by keeping cells to produce milk alive in cows for longer periods of time.There is no proven discrepancy between milk produced with the hormone versus that produced without it, however cows injected with the hormone are more prone to disease which can in turn have negative effects on the milk. Rapeseed oil, or canola oil, is one of the most genetically modified crops used. 80% of canola crops in Western Canada have been genetically modified. It is modified in the arena of herbicide resistance. Also, modified rapeseed crops produce the main pollen used in the making of honey, suggesting that most honey from Canada could likely qualify as genetically modified. Advantages of Genetically Modified Foods Genetically modified foods offer several advantages.As already mentioned, an increased resistance to pests and diseases, the tolerance against bad weather conditions, and an increase in food tote up are all obviously positive aspects. Crops have a better taste and quality when they are modified and they also have increased nutrients, yields, and emphasise tolerance. The time it takes for crops to mature is reduced as well. As far as the advantages for animals, they develop an increased resistance, productivity, and feed efficiency. They also produce more food, and their heal th can improve.The environs can benefit from genetically modifying foods as well. Firstly, the bioherbicides and bioinsecticides are environmentally friendly. Because genetic modification improves the resistance of plants and reduces their maturation time, soil, water, and energy can also be conserved. There is better natural waste management associated with genetic modification, and food processing is more efficient. Disadvantages of Genetically Modified Foods Despite the advantages of genetically modifying foods, the disadvantages of doing so search to greatly outweigh the positive aspects of it.The most common criticisms against GM foods are in regards to the environment, health risks, and economic worries. Firstly, there have been several toxic, yet causeless effects on organisms in the environment. Monarch butterfly caterpillars have suffered an increased mortality rate due to the gene injected in corn crops. Though the caterpillars do not consume corn crops, they consume m ilkweed plants in neighboring fields, where the wind could easily transfer the pollen. There was a study done to tribulation this theory, and the study did in fact support it.Another environmental concern is that the genes used to enhance certain crops will be transferred over to species unintended to contain the gene. For instance, in the case of crops that are introduced to a gene enabling them to develop an increased resistance to herbicides, the gene can potentially spread into the weeds themselves, causing them too to develop a higher herbicide resistance. This could cause problems because the weeds would then become very difficult to combat which could possibly ruin the crops. The concern for human health risks in regards to genetically modified foods is very high as well.Firstly, food allergies are very common among people in Europe and the United States, and in some cases these allergies can be fatal. The possibility that adding genes to plants could cause allergic reaction s in susceptible people is there, and it is a very threatening possibility. Secondly, genetically modified foods pose an unknown overall threat to human health. Despite the lack of proof that foods made of genetically modified materials can be harmful to people, there have been studies showing that certain GM foods are in fact harmful to the digestive tract of rats. Just the fact that the effects of GM food on people are still not completely known also poses a huge threat in itself.From an economic perspective, genetically modifying foods is very costly. With new technologies that are continuously surfacing, companies are starting to want to patent their ideas, and this raises the concern that with patents will come a raise in footing of seeds, making business very difficult for farmers who will not be able to afford them. This would result in the domination of food production throughout the world by only a few companies if GM foods reached such a high existence. It would also incr ease the dependence of developing countries on change nations.Lastly, it could also result in biopiracy, or foreign exploitation of natural resources. There are ethical issues surrounding genetic modification as well. Many people question if it is unethical to alter nature by taking the genes of one species and mixing it with another. There is also the question of whether or not it is ethically wrong to violate the essential values of organisms. This process can stress animals as well, as their natural ways of life and food production are being compromised in ways that are having essentially unknown effects on the animal. The ethicality of labeling foods as genetically modified is a very controversial issue.In the United States, labeling foods is not mandatory and to the many people who do not want to consume these foods, this is viewed as very unethical. Laws of Genetically Modified Foods The laws and governmental regulations of genetically modifying food varies throughout the wor ld, yet a common factor is that all of these different governments are in fact working towards establishing regulatory processes. In Japan, as of April 2001, testing GM foods was made mandatory. In the United States, regulation is achieved by several different governmental agencies, such as the US Environmental Protection.Agency, the US Department of Agriculture, and the US Food and Drug Administration. The EPA is responsible for regulating the substances used that may cause possible harm to the environment and human health, pesticides for example. Farmers need to admit licenses in order to use such chemicals, and the amount they are permitted ot use is regulated. The USDA includes different divisions each responsible for their own branch of assessment. Among these divisions are APHIS, the sensual Health and Plant Inspection Service, which conducts field tests and issues permits to grow GM crops, the Agricultural Research Service which performs in-house GM food research, and the C ooperative State Research, Education and extension phone Service which oversees the USDA risk assessment program. (Csa. com) The FDA is involved when companies producing GM foods have issues they feel they want to consult with them about.They are not required to go to the FDA though. The future of Genetically Modified Foods Currently, genetically modified ingredients are present in many foods, however the process is mostly limited to altering the ingredients in the field of battle of improved sustainability. In the future, there are plans to genetically modify much more.For example, there are plans to try to produce foods with the ability to produce human vaccinations. There are also plans to genetically alter food animals, like pigs, cows, and most recently salmon. Conclusion Genetically modified foods have come a long way since their first introduction into the market. They have great potential to solve many problems and improve upon many conditions. However, there are many cha llenges facing governments as far as the advancement of genetically modified foods is concerned.Regulations, food testing, and uncovering more of the possible effects on both human health and the environment are all great issues involved. The concept of genetic modification is also very controversial. However, regardless of the obstacles and controversy surrounding this phenomenon, it is becoming much more far-flung throughout the world.Works Cited Genetically Modified Foods Harmful or Helpful? CSA. Web. 24 Oct. 2010. http//www. csa. com/discoveryguides/gmfood/overview. php . Genetically Modified Foods and Organisms HGP Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues. Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Web. 24 Oct. 2010. http//www. ornl. gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi /gmfood. shtml. Development and History of GM Foods Genetically Modified Foods (UK). Comphrensive Advice on Genetically Modified Foods at Genetically Modified Foods (UK). Web. 24 Oct. 2010. http//www. geneticallymodifiedfood s. co. uk/development-hi story-gm-foods. html. Chapman, By James. History of Genetically Modified Food Mail Online. Home Mail Online. Web. 24 Oct. 2010. http//www. dailymail. co. uk/news/article-419985/History-ge netically-modified-food. html. Jibrin, By Janis. Genetically Modified Foods (Biotech Foods) Pros and Cons. WebMD Better Information. Better Health. Web. 1 Nov. 2010. http//www. webmd. com/food-recipes/features/are-biotech-foods-s afe-to-eat. dictionary. com.

Use of Stem Cells on Ageing Prevention

Use of Stem Cells on Ageing PreventionELA KINGAbstractThis scientific track will look at still hunt cadres and their abilities to proceed agedness. MyDS1 question was mostly qualitative, secondary research which didnt cost any m hotshoty to conduct. I have discovered by dint of writing this report that in the future it may be possible to achieve biological immortality with the aid of stand turn cadres, either by altering the genes of kind stem prison electric cellular telephoneular phones or by development other biologically immortal organisms stem cell information. However stem cell research is controversial and it will be some years before stem cell research will have developed to the point that biological immortality will be feasible.IntroductionAgeing shadow be described in many another(prenominal) ways. It is often used to refer to a passage in conviction in which someone gets older. Ageing in earthly concern can be judged on the number of years lived and on appearance both external and internal such as grey hairs-breadth and organs no longer working the way they are supposed to. This is because ageing leads to a decline in the regenerative abilities of all the tissues and organs in the body. Kirkwood T.B, 2005. This is attached to a decline in stem cell function.Why would we want to prevent or reverse ageing?Whilst a mortal cannot simply go away of old age, as a person gets older there are more chances of genetic mutations and damage from the environment which can lead to a person being more likely to get a disease or condition. When a person ages, their cells can no longer defend themselves against diseases as healthful as they could when the person was younger. This means that as a person ages, they become more vulnerable to injuries and diseases Radford B, 2012. If it was made possible to prevent ageing, this would mean that the average behavior span would increase dramatically and it may be possible for humans to become bio logically immortal.What is biological immortality?Biological immortality is the idea that whilst you are able to slip by (by disease or other means), you do not age. This would mean that a person with biological immortality would no longer experience loss of physiological function. This would throw in the towel people to stay relatively healthy whilst also not looking as though they were ageing Despain D, 2010. There are many ways in which people believe biological immortality can be achieved, either through lookstyle changes or genetic changes. One particular way focuses on stem cells.What are stem cells?Stem cells are undifferentiated cells which are able to become other cells. Stem cells are also able to self-renew. There are two main types of stem cells, embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. Embryonic stem cells are found in human blastocyts which are newly fertilised eggs (three-five days old) which are ca-cad by IVF. These stem cells are used in various therapies a nd tests and can be grown into any organ in the bodyDS2.The other main types of stem cells are Adult stem cells, also known as Tissue-specific stem cells. These stem cells generate the same type of cell of the organ or tissue that it lives on. However, adult stem cells dont self-renew as easily as embryonic stem cells. Adult stem cells can be canvass to submit a lot about the process of ageing. closerlookatstemcells.org , 2015Adult stem cells are essential for the maintenance of organs and tissues of mammals during their lives. With age, this maintenance is decreased due to the decline of co-ordination from molecular signalling. This leads to organs and tissues not being rejuvenated as quickly or as well in an older mammal than that of a younger one Silva H. and Conboy I.M, 2008. This means that overtime organs and tissues would become weaker and more susceptible to failure. If an animals stem cells were to remain fully functioning for a longer period of time, this would increase the time before organs and tissues begin to lose functionality and if the stem cells were able to be fully functional forever, then an animal would achieve biological immortality.How can stem cells be used to achieve biological immortality?Organisms such as the serpent (Hydra oligactis), an animal related to the jellyfish, have achieved biological immortality. Whilst its unknown exactly how long the Hydra lives, a Hydra which was kept in captivity for 4 years remained unchanged which is remarkable for a creature of its size (15mm). The Hydras biological immortality can be attributed to its stem cells which are able to renew and regrow parts of the Hydras body. Using 3 different types of stem cell populations, the Hydra is able to fully create clones of itself. Scientists found that the 3 types of stem cells all contained the same gene, the FoxO (a protein thought to be anti-ageing) and when this gene is removed the Hydra ages Barras C, 2015. If scientists were able to isolate this gene and place it into the deoxyribonucleic acid of another organism, theoretically another non-ageing organism would have been created. However, trying this with humans is likely to be a long way off as many people believe it would be unethical to conduct this sort of experiment on a humanDS3.Other animals are also able to rejuvenate themselves using stem cells. Limbs and complex organs such as eyes and kidneys are able to be re-grown once lost or damaged. These animals such as frogs and fish either use pluripotent cells (stem cells able to differentiate into different cell types eg. Embryonic stem cells) to rectify the whole limb or different types of stem cells to regenerate the different types of tissue like humans. So whilst humans use different types of stem cells for the maintenance of different tissues, humans arent able to rejuvenate their tissues to this level. This could be because humans are mammals and therefore lack the ability to direct stem cells to different part s of the body like certain amphibians. Future research will show why humans are lack this capability Tanaka E, 2015.Another possible method of using stem cells to achieve biological immortality would be to alter genes in order for more microRNAs to be produced. MicroRNAs are snippets of genetic material which can be linked to growth regulation in cells. MicroMRNAs keep cells dividing as they prevent stop signals that stop cells from dividing. Using microMRNAs, ageing stem cells could be made to keep dividing for a longer period of time therefore meaning that the stem cells would be able to maintain organs and tissues for longer. However, microRNAs have also been linked to the development of cancer when produced in abundance. Therefore, finding the right amount of microRNAs to boost ageing stem cells whilst also making sure that cancer growth and tumours arent created at the same time is essential. Scientists also have to identify which, out of the 200+ human microMRNAs, is responsi ble for keeping stem cells dividing Boyle A, 2005.There has been further research into embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. A gene has been discovered called Nanog in the embryonic stem cells which allowed it to remain youthful. This would allow for later research to be done in order to give adult stem cells the pluripotent properties of ESCs which would eliminate the need to harvest-feast embryonic stem cells from blastocyts for medical words Bhattacharya S, 2003. Adult stem cells would become induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. This would now be able to rejuvenate other somatic cells (any cell making up an organism other than gametes and undifferentiated cells). The iPS cells would be able to create new somatic cells for an indefinite period of time. This would mean that cells purportspan would be able to be increased West M.D, 2013.Currently, stem cells are used in various rejuvenation therapies from degenerative and debilitating conditions to cosmetic and dermatologic al therapies. Stem cell transplants are also used to treat some forms of cancer such a leukaemia and lymphoma. The stem cells are adult stem cells which are either equanimous from the patient themselves or are donor stem cells. These stem cells are collected and transplanted in order to replace the stem cells killed in other cancer treatments stem cell transplants, cancerresearchuk.org. Some other stem cell therapies use donor placentas from healthy young mothers. Stem cell therapies are still not jeopardize free, even when using the patients own stem cells, complications can arise.Whilst stem cells arent yet used to create organs for organ transplants, progress is being made in creating organs from scratch purely using stem cells. Working organs have been created, however it will be at least another 10 years of research and millions of pounds invested before the process is deemed fit to use on human patients The Guardian, 2014.What ethical concerns surround stem cell research?Ste m cell research is opposed by a lot of people. The majority of those people are religious who believe that life starts at conception. This would mean that using blastocyts created through IVF for medical research would be equivalent to testing on living humans. Those who agree with stem cell research do not believe that life starts at conception and/or believe that the benefits of stem cell research and its future of curing various conditions outweigh the risks and harmDS4.ConclusionStem cell research leads to an exciting future where current debilitating conditions will be able to be cured, ageing will be prevented and more will be discovered about how stem cells work and the many ways they can be harnessed to improve humans quality of life. In the future this could lead to life spans dramatically increasing, but is that necessarily a good thing? This could lead to various issues such as overpopulation and other social changes, such as a change in the age of retirement Emanuel P, 2 005.Will stem cell research continue after we have found the key to biological immortality?AcknowledgementsI would like to thank Dekkel Simmons and Andre Mostert for supporting me during the process of writing this scientific report.ReferencesBarras C. (2015) The animals and plants that can live forever. Bbc.co.uk Available at http//www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20150622-can-anything-live-forever Accessed 29/8/16Bhattacharya S. (2003) Stem cell immortality gene found. Newscientist.com Available at https//www.newscientist.com/article/dn3786-stem-cell-immortality-gene-found Accessed 29/8/16Boyle A. (2005) Scientists find key to stem cell immortality. Nbcnews.com Available at http//www.nbcnews.com/id/8135713/ns/technology_and_science-science/t/scientists-find-key-stem-cell-immortality/.V8QLCo-cHIU Accessed 29/8/16Despain, D (2010). How to achieve biological immortality naturally. Kuezweilai.net Available at http//www.kurzweilai.net/how-to-achieve-biological-immortality-naturally Accessed 2 7/8/16Emanuel P. (2005) Can stem cell research make us immortal? Quora.com Available at https//www.quora.com/Can-stem-cell-research-make-us-immortal Accessed 29/8/16Kirkwood, T.B (2005). Understanding the odd science of aging. Cell. Available at http//www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(05)00101-7 Accessed 27/8/16Radford, B (2012). Do People Really Die Of Old Age? Livescience.com Available at http//www.livescience.com/32241-do-people-really-die-of-old-age.html Accessed 27/8/16Silva H. and Conboy I.M. (2008) Aging and stem cell renewal. Stembook.org Available at http//www.stembook.org/node/459.html Accessed 27/8/16Stem cell transplants. Cancerresearchuk.org Available at http//www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancers-in-general/treatment/transplant/stem-cell-transplants Accessed 29/8/16Tanaka E. (2015) Regeneration what does it mean and how does it work? Eurostemcell.org Available at http//www.eurostemcell.org/factsheet/regeneration-what-does-it-mean-and-how-does-it-work Access ed 29/8/16The Guardian (2014) Scientists hail universe of discourse of working organ made from laboratory cells. Thegaurdian.com Available at https//www.theguardian.com/science/2014/aug/24/lab-grown-cells-create-functioning-organ Accessed 29/8/16Types of stem cells. Closerlookatstemcells.org Available at http//www.closerlookatstemcells.org/learn-about-stem-cells/types-of-stem-cells Accessed 27/8/16West M.D. (2013) How engineered stem cells may enable youthful immortality. Lifextension.com Available at http//www.lifeextension.com/Magazine/2013/2/otc/Page-02 Accessed 29/8/16DS5